Risk Factors Of Hypertension Occurrence?

 

Risk Factors Of Hypertension Occurrence?

Do you know what is called hypertension? Hypertension or commonly known as high blood pressure is a chronic disease suffered by someone with a family history.

Hypertension or high blood pressure can be diagnosed at first-level health care facilities, namely puskesmas, clinics by general practitioners.

Hypertension is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in Indonesia. A person is declared to have high blood pressure when a person has systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg on repeated examinations. Systolic blood pressure is the main measurement used for the basis of determining hypertension.

The classification of hypertension is divided into several sections, adapted from the American Society of Hypertension and the International Society of Hypertension 2020

So, what are the risk factors for hypertension?

Risk factors include being over 65 years old, having a family history of hypertension, often consuming excessively high-salt foods, being overweight or obese, consuming less fruit and vegetables, not being active in sports, smoking habits, consuming alcohol frequently, high stress levels. high blood pressure thereby increasing blood pressure temporarily, someone who has certain chronic conditions including kidney disease, diabetes mellitus.

symptoms that can be felt are headaches, vision problems, irregular heart rhythms (such as chest palpitations). While the symptoms of severe hypertension are fatigue, nausea, vomiting, feeling anxious, chest pain, muscle tremors, confusion.

Complications that can occur from uncontrolled high blood pressure include rupture of blood vessels causing stroke, coronary heart disease, heart failure, irregular heart rhythm, peripheral artery disease.

Lifestyle patterns that can be trained to avoid high blood pressure include weight loss (replacing unhealthy foods by increasing intake of vegetables and fruits), reducing salt intake, adequate exercise (done regularly for 30-60 minutes/day) at least 3 days/week, reduce alcohol consumption, quit smoking.

The management given to hypertensive patients includes lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise), and high blood pressure medications prescribed by the examining doctor