Basic Life Support

Hermina's friend
Vascular disease is currently the number-one cause of death in the world. It is estimated that more people around the world die each year from cardiovascular disease than from any other disease. For example, in America, the highest cause of death is sudden heart attack, whereas in Indonesia itself, based on the results of Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) in 2018, it only revealed that the prevalence of heart disease in all age groups was 1.5% and increased with age.

Sudden cardiac arrest is the sudden loss of heart function in a person with or without a diagnosed heart disease. Sudden cardiac arrest occurs when the heart's electrical system malfunctions (heart malfunction), and death occurs when the heart suddenly stops working properly. This can be caused by an abnormal or irregular heart rhythm (arrhythmia).
 
From the explanation above, it is therefore necessary to know what the main treatment is if you experience cardiac arrest or respiratory arrest.

Hermina's friend
Do you know?
Basic Life Support (BLS), commonly called Basic Life Support (BHD), is the first form of treatment for patients who experience heart attacks, respiratory arrest, or airway obstruction. Key features of BHD include immediate recognition of sudden cardiac arrest and activation of emergency systems, early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and rapid defibrillation with an automated external defibrillator (AED).
 
Most in-hospital cardiac arrests are caused by respiratory failure, hypovolemic shock, and physiologic changes such as tachypnea, tachycardia, and hypotension. These signs should be recognized early so that instability can be further managed.
 
Based on this, the AHA in 2020 recommends two chains of survival, namely:
1. Hospital chain of survival (IHCA = in-hospital cardiac arrest)
2. Chain of survival outside the hospital (OHCA = out-of-hospital cardiac arrest)
 
In the case of a heart attack at an IHC hospital, the chain of survival consists of:
1. Control and prevention
There are several strategies to avoid a heart attack, for example, in the hospital.
  - EKG
Vital sensor system
scoring system based on several parameters
Create a Codebluu team.
2. Activate the emergency system.
In the event of a heart attack, the hospital has a system that activates a rapid response team (code blue). There is a 24-hour team with sufficient knowledge and experience for cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
3. Immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation
4. Immediate defibrillation
5. Integrated management after cardiac arrest
6. Recovery after a heart attack
 
When a cardiac arrest occurs outside an OHCA hospital, the chain of survival consists of:
1. Recognition of cardiac arrest and immediate activation of emergency systems
2. Immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation
3. Immediate defibrillation
4. Effective post-cardiovascular care
5. Integrated management after cardiac arrest
6. Recovery after a heart attack