Diabetes is one of the deadliest diseases in the world. Unfortunately, many diabetics only realize when complications have occurred.
Based on data from the International Diabetes Federation 2020, the number of people with diabetes continues to increase in various countries in the world, including Indonesia. Chairman of the Indonesian Endocrinology Association (PERKENI) Prof. Dr. dr. Ketut Suastika, SpPD-KEMD, FINASIM revealed that diabetes is the world's third deadliest disease. The prevalence of diabetes in Indonesia still reaches 6.2 percent with 10,681,400 cases.
Regarding Diabetes
The people know it as diabetes or diabetes. Actually, diabetes is a disease or disorder that affects the body's ability to convert food into energy caused by a deficiency of the hormone insulin, which helps the body get energy from food. This condition is divided into two types, type-1 and type-2.
Type-1 diabetes mellitus occurs due to an autoimmune disease that causes the pancreas to be unable to produce insulin. Meanwhile, type-2 diabetes mellitus appears as an effect of an unhealthy diet because it cannot control the intake of sugar that enters the body.
Why is Diabetes Dangerous?
Diabetes is one of the most dangerous diseases in the world. One of the causes of diabetes is poor sugar control. Diabetes must be controlled to prevent complications that can be deadly.
The following are complications of diabetes:
Acute Complications
Hyperglycemia: very high blood sugar levels
Hypoglycemia: blood sugar level < 70
Acute complications can cause loss of consciousness and endanger life
Chronic Complications
Macro Angiopathy
The blood vessels of the heart lead to coronary
Peripheral blood vessels cause sores on the feet that do not heal
Brain blood vessels cause strokes
Micro Angiopathy
Retinopathy: Eye disorders
Neuropathy: Nerve disorder
Nephropathy: Disorder of the kidney
Cardiomyopathy: Disorders of the heart
Prevention to avoid complications
Control of blood glucose levels
HbA1c < 7
Fasting blood sugar 80-130
Blood sugar 2 hours pp < 180
Control risk factors such as:
Hypertension
Lipid profile
Obesity
Early detection of complications can be done since the diagnosis. Must comply with treatment so that the expected target is achieved
Diabetes Treatment
Diabetes either type 1 or type 2 is a chronic disease and is lifelong. Until now, there is no drug that can completely cure this disease.
But there is still hope for the treatment and prevention of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes cannot be prevented, because it occurs as a result of the body's immune system attacking healthy cells because they are considered harmful foreign substances.
Type 2 diabetes can still be avoided by maintaining a healthy weight, consuming a balanced nutritious diet, getting enough rest, not smoking and exercising diligently.
Hermina Bekasi Hospital is ready to help people with diabetes mellitus so they don't experience acute or chronic complications. Immediately consult an Internal Medicine Specialist Consultant for Metabolic, Endocrine and Diabetes at Hermina Bekasi Hospital.