PAIN AND ITS MANAGEMENT

DEFINITION OF PAIN

Every human being has experienced pain and generally wants the pain to disappear immediately because it feels uncomfortable. According to the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience. Pain can be caused by tissue damage or conditions that have the potential to cause tissue damage.  So actually pain is an alarm sign from the body that there is a potential for injury so it is hoped that humans can immediately take action to stop this process.

 

DUE TO PAIN

Nyeri dapat muncul pada semua orang di bagian tubuh manapun dengan intensitas ringan sampai berat. Nyeri yang muncul dapat mengganggu fungsi tubuh sehingga sebagian orang menjadi tidak bisa menggerakan bagian tersebut dengan baik dan membutuhkan bantuan dari orang lain untuk melakukan aktivitas hidup sehari-hari seperti memakai atau melepas baju, mengambil dan mengangkat barang, dan lainnya. Beberapa orang pun harus ijin sakit dari pekerjaannya karena intensitas nyeri yang terlampau berat sehingga boleh dikatakan nyeri dapat mengganggu produktivitas seseorang, maka dari itu diagnosa dan penanganan yang tepat sangat dibutuhkan.

 

PAIN MANAGEMENT BY PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION SPECIALISTS

One specialty that can help reduce pain complaints is a specialist in physical medicine and rehabilitation (SpKFR). The SpKFR doctor will help to reduce the intensity of pain, restore function and restore the patient's activities as optimally as possible, so that the patient can return to carrying out daily life activities independently and can also return to work.

For proper pain management, an accurate diagnosis is needed. The SpKFR doctor will conduct an anamnesis interview and physical examination so that the focus of pain can be found and treated. The doctor will ask about other symptoms, location, onset, character, duration and things that reduce or increase the patient's pain. Sometimes laboratory and radiological examinations such as x-rays, ultrasound or MRI are needed to sharpen the diagnosis.

 

Once the diagnosis is determined, the SpKFR doctor can provide medication, therapeutic modalities, assistive devices, or even injections to reduce pain complaints. The medicines given can include painkillers, muscle relaxants and anti-inflammatories. The therapy modalities provided can be TENS, MWD, SWD, infrared, US, traction, paraffin bath, laser, and others. Some patients will be given assistive devices such as canes, crutches, corsets, special shoes and others if needed. Patients will also be prescribed exercises to restore body functions such as joint range of motion, muscle flexibility and muscle strength. If the pain is too severe and disturbing, the SpKFR doctor can provide an injection with or without the help of ultrasound. Pain that has been going on for a long time can make a person stressed and requires much longer and more complicated treatment because more and more parts of the body are involved, so it is best for someone to immediately seek help if they are experiencing pain.

 

 

REFERENCE

1. A Day Cruise With Pain Rehabilitation. Webinar SIG Nyeri Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kedokteran Fisik dan Rehabilitasi Indonesia.
2. https://yankes.kemkes.go.id/view_artikel/953/apa-itu-nyeri-alih
3. https://yankes.kemkes.go.id/view_artikel/1052/manajemen-nyeri