Glaucoma Prevention Guide: From Healthy Lifestyle to Early Detection

Glaucoma is a group of eye disorders in which damage occurs to the optic nerve, causing visual field disorders, loss of vision and even blindness. This damage is caused primarily by high pressure in the eyeball. Glaucoma can occur at any age, but is more common in older age. This disease can occur without symptoms in the early stages, so early detection is very important to prevent further damage. Is there a way to prevent glaucoma? Read more here!

Glaucoma has symptoms including: narrowed field of vision, blurred vision, red eyes, and eye pain. Before signs or symptoms appear, be aware of the following risk factors:
1. Having high eye pressure (intraocular pressure).
2. Being over 60 years old.
3. Having a family history of glaucoma.
4. Having certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and sickle cell anemia.
5. Having a thin cornea in the middle.
6. Having nearsightedness.
7. Having an eye injury or certain types of eye surgery.
8. Taking corticosteroid medication or using eye drops for a long time.

Treatment steps can help Hermina Friends detect glaucoma at an early stage to prevent vision loss or slow its progression. Here are ways to prevent glaucoma:

1. Routine Eye Examinations
Early detection is the key to preventing glaucoma. A comprehensive eye examination helps identify increased eye pressure or early signs of optic nerve damage. It is recommended to have an eye examination every 2-4 years starting at age 40, and every 1-2 years after age 60, especially for individuals with a family history of glaucoma or other risk factors.
2. Maintaining Diet and Nutrition
Good nutrition plays an important role in eye health. Consuming foods rich in antioxidants, such as green vegetables (spinach, kale), fruits rich in vitamin C, and fatty fish containing omega-3, can help protect the optic nerve from damage. Avoid excessive salt consumption which can increase blood pressure. Limit tea and coffee consumption because the caffeine content can be one of the risks of glaucoma.
3. Regular Physical Activity
Light to moderate exercise, such as walking, can help reduce eye pressure. This activity also supports healthy blood circulation to the optic nerve, thus maintaining its function.
4. Managing Stress
Excessive stress can affect intraocular pressure. Practicing meditation or other relaxation techniques can help keep eye pressure stable and support overall eye health.
5. Avoid Using Drugs Without a Doctor's Prescription
Long-term use of steroids, either in the form of eye drops or tablets, can increase the risk of glaucoma. Consult a doctor before using this type of medication, especially if you have risk factors for glaucoma.
6. Monitor Risk Factors
Individuals with a family history of glaucoma, high blood pressure, diabetes, or age over 60 are at higher risk. If you are in this group, increase your awareness by having your eyes examined more often.

Although glaucoma cannot be completely prevented, these steps can reduce the risk of its development and slow down damage to the optic nerve. Regular consultation with an eye specialist at RSU Hermina Pandanaran. Lifestyle changes are the best investment to protect your vision in the future.

Written and Reviewed by: dr. Amalia Budhi Hapsari, Sp.M
Reference: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/glaucoma/symptoms-causes/syc-20372839