- Hermina Wonogiri<\/a><\/li>
- 27 January 2023<\/li><\/ul><\/div>
TBC as an Infectious Disease, We Need to Be Aware of and We Prevent it<\/a><\/h3>
President Joko Widodo once said in a closed meeting on July 21, 2020 on the Presidential Secretariat's Youtube channel that TB in Indonesia is ranked third with the highest number of TB in the world after India and China. In Indonesia, 165,000 patients died from TB in 2017. Then, the number of patients who died from TB in 2018 reached 98,000 patients. Therefore, let's get to know more deeply what TB is so that we can be more vigilant and can prevent it. \n\n \n\n Tuberculosis or TB itself is a potentially serious infectious disease and generally attacks the lungs as a result of infection from the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). Launching the official website of the Ministry of Health, in Indonesia, TB is known as a plural disease with three letters, wet lungs, and lung spots. TB germs most often attack the lungs. However, this disease can also infect other organs such as the lymph nodes, bones, brain, and skin. \n\n \n\n TB causes \n\n TB can spread when someone inhales droplets (droplets) when someone with TB coughs, talks, sneezes, laughs or sings. TB transmission is not as fast as flu and colds. However, there are several groups that are at high risk of contracting TB: \n\n \n\n 1. People who live in dense and slum settlements. \n\n 2. Medical staff who often treat TB patients. \n\n 3. Old people (elderly) and children. \n\n 4. Drug users \n\n 5. Patients with advanced kidney disease. \n\n 6. People who experience malnutrition. \n\n 7. People with alcohol addiction. \n\n 8. Smoker \n\n 9. People with weak immune systems, for example people with HIV/AIDS, cancer, diabetes, people undergoing organ transplants, and so on. \n\n 10. People who are on immunosuppressive drug therapy, for example people with lupus, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, or Crohn's disease. \n\n \n\n TB symptoms \n\n Quoted from the website page of the Ministry of Health, Directorate General of Health Services. In latent TB, sufferers generally do not experience symptoms. Generally, new sufferers realize they have tuberculosis after undergoing examinations for other diseases. Meanwhile, for people with active TB, the symptoms that appear can be: \n\n \n\n 1. Cough that lasts a long time (3 weeks or more). \n\n 2. Cough is usually accompanied by phlegm or coughing up blood. \n\n 3. Chest pain when breathing or coughing. \n\n 4. Night sweats. \n\n 5. Loss of appetite. \n\n 6. Weight loss. \n\n 7. Fever and chills. \n\n 8. Fatigue \n\n \n\n Besides attacking the lungs, TB can also attack other than the lungs. The following are examples of symptoms that arise due to extrapulmonary TB disease, according to the organs affected: \n\n 1. Swollen lymph nodes when exposed to gland tuberculosis. \n\n 2. Bloody urine in kidney tuberculosis. \n\n 3. Back pain in spinal tuberculosis. \n\n 4. Headaches and seizures when exposed to TB in the brain. \n\n 5. Severe stomach pain if you have intestinal tuberculosis. \n\n \n\n Symptoms of Tuberculosis in Children \n\n Meanwhile, the symptoms of TB in children tend to be more difficult to recognize. This is because the symptoms are not typical so they are often mistaken for symptoms of other diseases. \n\n The following are symptoms that may be found in children with TB, namely: \n\n 1. Persistent cough for more than 2 weeks. \n\n 2. Losing weight in 2 months or failure to thrive. \n\n 3. Swollen lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy). \n\n 4. Constant fever for more than 2 weeks. \n\n 5. The child looks weak (malaise) and is less active. \n\n 6. Symptoms do not improve despite being given antibiotics and nutrition. \n\n \n\n There are several tips to help protect and prevent TB disease for friends and family from infection with germs according to the promkes.kemkes.go.id page: \n\n 1.Stay at home. Don't go to work or school or sleep in a room with other people during the first few weeks of treatment for active TB \n\n 2. Ventilate the room. TB germs spread more easily in small closed spaces where there is no air. If the room's ventilation is still lacking, open a window and use a fan to blow indoor air outside. \n\n 3. Cover your mouth with a mask. Wearing a mask to cover your mouth at any time is an effective TB prevention measure. Don't forget to throw away the mask regularly. \n\n 4. Spit should be in a certain place that has been given a disinfectant (soapy water). \n\n 5. BCG immunization is given to babies aged 3-14 months \n\n 6. Avoid cold air. \n\n 7. Try to get enough sunlight and fresh air into the bed. \n\n 8. Drying mattresses, pillows and beds, especially in the morning. \n\n 9. All items used by sufferers must be separated as well as washing them and may not be used by other people. \n\n 10. Food should be high in carbohydrates and high in protein. \n\n \n\n If Hermina's friends and family or friends' children experience symptoms of TB, especially if they live together or have close contact with TB sufferers, immediately go to Hermina Hospital or the nearest health facility to be treated by a doctor immediately. From early diagnosis and treatment of TB disease can help reduce the possibility of complications. \n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/a><\/div>- Hermina Sukabumi<\/a><\/li>
- 19 December 2022<\/li><\/ul><\/div>
Tuberculosis, Symptoms, Causes, and Appropriate Treatment<\/a><\/h3>
\n\n \n\n Many are mistaken because they say cough and tuberculosis are the same disease. Even though they are both coughs, they have big differences. TB (tuberculosis) is an infectious and deadly disease with a high patient mortality rate caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although it most often attacks the lungs, this disease can also attack the lymph nodes, heart, central nervous system, and brain. \n\n As a type of infectious and deadly disease, TB is ranked second in the world, and Indonesia is ranked in the top five in Southeast Asia as the country with the most TB patients. \n\n \n\n Causes, Symptoms, and Methods of Treatment \n\n Indonesia is one of the countries in Asia that has the highest number of TB patients. Its rapid transmission through the air must make Hermina's friends and others alert because this disease is considered deadly if there is no proper and fast treatment. The treatment period is also quite long and must be consistent. To find out more about TB, here are the facts that hermina friends should know : \n\n 1. Cause \n\n The cause of TB is the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, which attacks the lungs. Transmission of this disease occurs when a person breathes air contaminated with these bacteria. TB patients expel the bacteria in the form of mucus splashes when they cough and sneeze. \n\n Friends of Hermina need to know that people who are infected with the bacteria may not immediately pass it on to other people. People with active pulmonary tuberculosis have a big chance of spreading the bacteria to other people. \n\n 2. Symptoms \n\n In general, the most visible symptom of this disease is the prolonged cough suffered by TB patients. The cough is different from the usual cough because of its long duration. Besides that, there are other symptoms that Hermina friends should be aware of, including : \n\n \n \n Coughing up blood \n \n \n A pain in the chest \n \n \n Shortness of breath \n \n \n A cough that lasts 3 weeks or longer \n \n \n Easily tired \n \n \n Significant weight loss \n \n \n Loss of appetite \n \n \n Fever \n \n \n Chills \n \n \n Sweating at night \n \n \n\n 3. Risk Factors \n\n Everyone has the opportunity to be exposed to this contagious and deadly disease. Children can also be carriers of tuberculosis. Given this situation, it is reasonable to conclude that there are several factors that can increase a person's risk of contracting this disease. \n\n Therefore, it is important for Friends of Hermina to know what the risk factors are, because even having just one does not mean that Friends of Hermina will immediately get TB. These risk factors are the only conditions that can increase the chances of Sahabat Hermina getting TB. \n\n The following are risk factors that Hermina friends should know : \n\n \n \n People with low immunity, a history of diabetes, or HIV \n \n \n People who are close to or who care for TB sufferers \n \n \n People who make direct contact with sufferers \n \n \n People who live in unclean environments with poor ventilation systems. \n \n \n Current smoker \n \n \n People who consume excessive alcohol \n \n \n People undergo cancer treatment. \n \n \n Doctors or people who are nurses who treat TB patients \n \n \n People who consume drugs \n \n \n People who come to places that have a high TB outbreak rate. \n \n \n People taking drugs used to treat autoimmune diseases. \n \n \n\n 4. Method of Treatment \n\n Even though it is classified as deadly, TB can be cured by taking the right treatment and following the rules given by the doctor. The treatment period for this disease lasts 6–12 months, and you have to take TB medicine regularly; you can't stop even for a day. \n\n 5. Complications \n\n If TB sufferers do not get proper and fast treatment, it can cause bad things. Bacteria that attack the lungs can spread to other parts of the body. The following are complications that may arise due to TB disease if there is no prompt treatment : \n\n \n \n Back pain \n \n \n Swelling of the lining of the brain (meningitis) \n \n \n Problems with the liver and kidneys \n \n \n Abnormalities of the heart (cardiac tamponade) \n \n \n Damage to the joints \n \n \n\n 6. Risk of Anti-Tuberculosis Resistance \n\n Generally, after a few weeks of treatment, the patient will feel better. However, this condition must be watched out for because it does not mean that the TB bacteria have disappeared. Therefore, after undergoing intensive treatment, the patient must continue to undergo treatment until the disease is completely resolved. \n\n If treatment is interrupted or incomplete, the TB bacteria can reactivate and attack other parts of the body even more viciously. Incomplete use of drugs can also cause bacteria to become resistant to antibiotics. This condition is often called MDR TB, which usually makes it more difficult to treat because there are fewer anti-tuberculosis drugs that can kill this bacterium. \n\n TB is so terrible that Friends of Hermina and others must be more vigilant, especially if you have been exposed to it and stop the treatment period midway. Therefore, it is better to complete TB treatment completely, take good care of the environment, and live a healthy lifestyle so that you are not easily exposed to and infected with tuberculosis bacteria. \n\n Friends of Hermina can consult with a pulmonary specialist at the hospital about TB disease. Hermina's closest friend or Hermina's best friend can also consult online with a hospital specialist. Hermina through the Hello Hermina application. \n\n \n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>
- 19 December 2022<\/li><\/ul><\/div>
- 27 January 2023<\/li><\/ul><\/div>