- Hermina Depok<\/a><\/li>
- 04 December 2023<\/li><\/ul><\/div>
HIV and AIDS are not the same<\/a><\/h3>
HIV and AIDS are two terms that are often used interchangeably, but they actually have significant differences. HIV is the abbreviation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, while AIDS is the abbreviation of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.\n\nHIV is a virus that attacks the human immune system. This virus can attack and damage CD4 cells, which are responsible for fighting infections in the body. When the number of CD4 cells decreases, the immune system becomes weak and cannot fight infections effectively. HIV can be transmitted through direct contact with infected blood, semen, vaginal fluids, or other body fluids. Transmission of HIV generally occurs through unprotected sexual intercourse, use of contaminated needles, or from an infected mother to her baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.\n\nAIDS, on the other hand, is an advanced stage of HIV infection. A person is said to have AIDS when their immune system is very weak and they have a serious infection or rare illness. AIDS can cause symptoms such as fever, significant weight loss, chronic diarrhea, fungal infections, and certain cancers. Without proper treatment, AIDS can be fatal.\n\nIt is important to understand the difference between HIV and AIDS because HIV can be treated and controlled with antiretroviral therapy (ARV). This therapy can help keep the immune system stable and prevent the progression of HIV to AIDS. Although there is no cure for HIV, appropriate treatment can allow a person with HIV to live a good quality of life and reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to others.\n\nIn dealing with HIV and AIDS, it is important to educate the public about prevention, transmission and appropriate treatment. Using condoms during sexual intercourse, using sterile needles and regular HIV testing are important steps in preventing HIV transmission. Additionally, social support and access to adequate medical care are also critical in helping individuals living with HIV or AIDS.\n\nIn conclusion, HIV and AIDS are two different conditions although they are often used interchangeably. HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system, while AIDS is an advanced stage of HIV infection where the immune system is very weak. Correct understanding of these differences is important for prevention, transmission, and appropriate treatment. \n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/a><\/div>- Hermina Padang<\/a><\/li>
- 04 December 2023<\/li><\/ul><\/div>
Sexually transmitted diseases as a gateway to HIV<\/a><\/h3>
Sexually transmitted diseases or STDs are venereal diseases that can be transmitted through sexual activity. This disease is still a health problem in society because many people are not aware of it and do not cause symptoms. Sexually transmitted diseases do not always cause symptoms or only cause mild symptoms. Therefore, sufferers sometimes only realize that they are suffering from a sexually transmitted disease after complications arise or when their partner is diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection. \n\n There are more than 30 types of pathogens or microorganisms that can be transmitted through sexual contact, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. And one of the STIs that can be caused by viruses is STI-HIV which is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus and attacks the immune system. \n\n How can STIs be a gateway for HIV? \n\n Sexually Transmitted Infections or STIs are infections that are transmitted through sexual contact, whether transmitted through the vagina, anus or mouth. STIs and HIV are interrelated in that STIs can make it easier for the HIV virus to enter a person's body. Where. When someone has an STI, they are at greater risk of being infected with HIV because sores on the genitals can increase a person's chances of contracting HIV when having unprotected sex. \n\n HIV is a lifelong disease, because the HIV virus will remain in the sufferer's body for the rest of his life. Although there is no treatment method to treat HIV, there are drugs that can slow the progression of this disease and increase the life expectancy of sufferers. This virus can spread through unprotected sexual intercourse, sharing injection equipment, blood transfusions, or childbirth. If left untreated, HIV infection can develop into AIDS. Initial symptoms that commonly appear in HIV sufferers include mouth ulcers, headaches, fatigue, sore throat, loss of appetite, muscle aches, rashes, swollen lymph nodes, night sweats. \n\n Difference between HIV and AIDS \n\n HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks white blood cells, specifically CD4 cells, in the human immune system. This of course can make the body more susceptible to infection or disease. \n\n When someone is infected with the HIV virus and does not receive proper treatment, it can gradually lead to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). HIV is a virus that attacks the human immune system, while AIDS is a condition caused by the HIV virus and can cause symptoms that are more severe than HIV. AIDS sufferers definitely suffer from HIV too. However, not all HIV sufferers suffer from AIDS. This is because some treatments can slow down the development of the virus in the body, so that HIV does not develop into AIDS. \n\n So Hermina's friends already know how STIs can be a gateway for someone to get HIV and AIDS. So that the risk of HIV does not increase, of course we need steps to prevent sexually transmitted diseases. Apart from early detection of STDs - HIV we can also prevent it by using the following ABCDE ( Absen, Be faithful, Cegah, Drug No, Edukasi ) method: \n\n \n Absent or not having sex when your partner is away \n Be Faithful (Faithful) or don't change partners \n Prevent it by using a condom during sexual intercourse. \n Drug No, Do not consume drugs because they can increase risky sexual behavior \n Education, actively seeking correct information regarding causes, transmission and treatment. \n \n\n And for someone who experiences symptoms that lead to HIV or AIDS and is at high risk of contracting it, don't hesitate to see a doctor, okay? In order to get the right examination and diagnosis, so that treatment can be obtained before the disease causes more serious and fatal complications. \n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/a><\/div>- Hermina Padang<\/a><\/li>
- 04 December 2023<\/li><\/ul><\/div>
Get to Know Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Their Types<\/a><\/h3>
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are infections that are transmitted through sexual intercourse. This venereal disease is transmitted through sperm, blood, vaginal fluids or other body fluids. STD transmission can also occur from pregnant women to the fetus in the womb or after the baby is born. Apart from that, repeated or alternate use of injection needles can also increase a person's risk of contracting STDs. \n\n \n\n Causes of Sexually Transmitted Diseases \n\n There are more than 30 types of pathogens or microorganisms that can be transmitted through sexual contact. The following are several types of pathogens that can cause sexually transmitted diseases, including: \n\n \n Bacterial infections, such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Treponema pallidum, Haemophilus ducreyi \n Viral infections, such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Herpes simplex virus, Human papillomavirus, hepatitis B \n Fungi, such as Candida albicans \n Parasites, such as Phthirus pubis, Sarcoptes scabiei \n \n\n \n\n Types of Sexually Transmitted Diseases \n\n There are many types of PMS, here are some of the most common types: \n\n \n Syphilis \n \n\n Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease that occurs due to infection with the bacteria Treponema pallidum. This disease has symptoms in the form of sores on the genitals or mouth. These sores will generally last between 1 - 2.5 months without causing pain, but are easily contagious. Untreated syphilis can cause paralysis, blindness, impotence and even hearing problems and loss of life. \n\n \n Gonorrhea \n \n\n This PMS occurs due to the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Many people also recognize this condition as gonorrhea, because it causes fluid to come out when urinating which causes pain in the penis or vagina. \n\n \n Chlamydia \n \n\n Chlamydia is the most common STD. The disease that occurs due to Chlamydia trachomatis does not cause significant symptoms. However, you still have to be aware of chlamydia because transmission can occur without the infected person realizing it. \n\n \n Genital Warts \n \n\n Genital warts are a disease that occurs due to the human papilloma virus around the genitals. This disease does not cause pain but usually causes itching and redness. \n\n \n HIV \n \n\n HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) will spread through body fluids and attack the immune system. In the early stages, HIV will not show symptoms, because the virus will "sleep" for a while. This virus will wait for the immune system to weaken, and can develop into the very deadly disease acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). \n\n \n\n Symptoms of Sexually Transmitted Diseases \n\n PMS symptoms depend on the diagnosis of the disease. Some examples of symptoms of sexually transmitted diseases that can occur are as follows: \n\n \n Abnormal discharge from the genitals \n Pain during sexual intercourse \n Presence of sores or warts on the genitals \n Changes in urine/painful urination \n Redness and itching of the genitals \n Changes in the smell of the genitals \n Abnormal vaginal discharge / vaginal bleeding \n \n\n Factors that can increase a person's risk of contracting a sexually transmitted disease are: \n\n \n Multiple sexual partners \n Sexual contact without using a condom \n Forced sexual contact \n Not getting vaccines (for HPV and hepatitis) \n History of STDs \n Use of alcohol or drugs (increases risky sexual behavior) \n \n\n \n\n Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases \n\n There are several ways to prevent transmission of sexually transmitted diseases, namely: \n\n \n Do not have sexual relations \n Commitment between partners to monogamy \n Reducing the number of sexual partners \n Use a condom when having sex \n And get vaccinations (for HPV, hepatitis) \n \n\n \n\n If you experience symptoms that suggest a sexually transmitted disease, immediately consult and see a doctor, especially if you are sexually active and have risk factors, you should get checked even if you don't experience any symptoms. \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/a><\/div>- Hermina Balikpapan<\/a><\/li>
- 01 December 2023<\/li><\/ul><\/div>
December 1, Commemorating World AIDS Day, do you know about HIV AIDS?<\/a><\/h3>
Every December 1, 2023, the whole world commemorates AIDS Day. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that damages a person's immune system by infecting and destroying CD4 cells. The more CD4 cells are destroyed, the weaker a person's immune system will be, making them susceptible to various diseases. \n\n If HIV is not treated quickly, it will become AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection. At this stage, the body's ability to fight infection has been completely lost. \n\n HIV transmission occurs when people come into contact with a patient's body fluids, such as blood, sperm, vaginal fluids, anal fluids, and breast milk. HIV is not transmitted through air, sweat, tears, saliva, mosquito bites, or physical touch. \n\n In 2020, according to Ministry of Health estimates, the number of PLHIV in 2020 will be 543,100. Lower than estimates in 2016. HIV prevalence in Indonesia varies widely, 25.8 percent among men who have sex with men, 28.8% injecting drug users, 24.8% of the transgender population, and 5 .3% of female sex workers. Based on data from the Ministry of Health, the increase in HIV cases in Indonesia is increasing by 5,100 cases every year. This high rate of transmission is due to low knowledge of prevention and the impact of the disease as well as having partners with risky sexual behavior \n\n HIV in Indonesia has been going on for more than three decades and is concentrated in 4 key populations, namely men who have sex with men (MSM), waria (transgender), female sex workers (PSP) and injecting drug users (IDUs). Various efforts to prevent and control HIV in Indonesia are carried out by the government and society with the support of funding from the government, regional governments and international cooperation. \n\n What are the stages of HIV? \nA person with HIV who does not receive treatment will experience three phases. However, HIV treatment can slow or prevent the progression of the disease, with technological advances in HIV treatment, progression to phase 3, namely AIDS, now occurs less frequently than in the early years of HIV. \n1. First phase (Acute HIV infection) \n- A person has a very high HIV content in their blood and is very contagious \n- Like flu symptoms \n- If you have flu symptoms and think you are infected with HIV, get tested immediately. \n2. Second phase (chronic HIV infection) \n- At this stage HIV infection is asymptomatic \n- HIV is still active and continues to grow in the body \n- In this phase, a person is usually not sick but can transmit the HIV virus \n- Someone whose treatment is not as prescribed may not reach the next stage, namely AIDS. \n3. Third phase (AIDS) \n- The most severe stage of HIV \n- Easily infects other people \n- His immune system is seriously damaged \n- Without HIV treatment, people with AIDS usually survive for about three years \n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/a><\/div>- Hermina Depok<\/a><\/li>
- 14 September 2023<\/li><\/ul><\/div>
Increasing HIV and AIDS Cases Among Adolescents<\/a><\/h3>
The increase in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cases in Indonesia continues to increase every month. This viral infection can reduce the ability of human immunity to fight foreign objects in the body, which, in the terminal stage of infection, can cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Adolescents are more vulnerable to HIV infection due to various social factors, namely limited access and knowledge about sexual education, especially reproductive organs, minimal explanation from parents about sexuality, trauma received in the past, as well as high curiosity. As a result, these teenage children will make decisions that tend to be unsafe and pose a high risk to their physical health. \n\n The 15–25-year age group, which is categorized as teenagers, is the group most frequently infected with HIV. Based on data from the Ministry of Health as of 2022, only 76 percent of people with HIV know their status, 41 percent of people with HIV receive treatment, and only 16 percent of people with HIV receive treatment. The virus is suppressed. It is very unfortunate that HIV transmission in adolescents can be caused by: \n\n 1. Injection drug use \n\n 2. Casual sex, especially with people of the same sex \n\n 3. Through a blood transfusion \n\n 4. From mother to baby \n\n 5. Oral sex \n\n The importance of knowledge related to HIV also needs to be conveyed on an ongoing basis. Collaboration between various parties is very important to expand the education and information provided. That is why education about HIV/AIDS needs to be carried out in schools and outside of school so that teenagers can know the dangers of HIV. \n\n The importance of preventing HIV transmission can be determined using the ABCDE method, namely: \n\n a. Abstinence, meaning absence of sex or not having sex, is for those who are not married, and when getting married, it is important to check HIV status with your partner so that prevention of HIV transmission from mother and child can be minimized. \n\n B: Be faithful, be loyal to your partner, and not change partners. \n\n Condoms prevent sexual transmission by providing protection. \n\n D: Drug No, do not use illegal drugs, and avoid sharing needles and non-sterile needles. \n\n E: Education provides education and information related to HIV. \n\n This is why it is very important to provide sexual education and reproductive organ health to children from an early age. It's not about taboo; it's more about how the next generation of young people can get the right information and access so they don't risk contracting HIV. \n\n If you need more complete information about HIV and AIDS, you can ask an internal medicine doctor at Hermina Hospital, Depok. \n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/a><\/div>- Hermina Manado<\/a><\/li>
- 20 June 2023<\/li><\/ul><\/div>
Doing Unsafe Sexual Behavior? Must Know the Dangers.<\/a><\/h3>
Free sex behavior is still a global problem that we often encounter, not only among adults but there are also many cases of teenagers who have had sex. Apart from these problems, there are so many bad effects that can occur due to free sex behavior. \n\n There are two impacts that will occur if you have free sex, the first is pregnancy out of wedlock which may not be expected to occur thereby increasing the number of abortions and secondly Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) which are the most dangerous effects of free sex and cause so much harm not only to the body we but also partners who have sexual intercourse. \n\n Many people know that sexually transmitted diseases are only HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) but it turns out that there are so many types of sexually transmitted diseases that will be infected in our bodies if we often have free sex, what are they? The following types of sexually transmitted diseases: \n\n \n HIV/AIDS \n \n\n This disease attacks and damages the immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), if left untreated and treated it will develop into AIDS. \n\n \n Syphilis \n \n\n This sexually transmitted disease is better known as the lion king that can live anywhere and can spread very quickly, many people who are infected with syphilis do not feel symptoms for years. \n\n \n Human Papillomavirus (HPV) \n \n\n HPV is caused by the same virus as its name, namely Human Papillomavirus, characterized by the appearance of warts on the genitals, arms and face. In women this virus is also a cause of cervical cancer. \n\n \n Gonorrhea \n \n\n Gonorrhea, also known as gonorrhea, is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Neisseria Gonorrhoeae which is characterized by the presence of pus in the urine. \n\n \n Genital Herpes \n \n\n Genital Herpes or Genital Herpes is caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) which can be transmitted to men or women, complaints that usually cause pain, itching and sores in the genital area. \n\n So if Hermina's best friend has ever had free sex, it's a good idea to do regular health checks so you can find out the current health condition of Hermina's friends. So that if there is something that we don't want to happen, we can immediately get treatment from a specialist doctor. Consultations and health checks can also be done at RSU Hermina Manado. \n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/a><\/div>- Hermina Sukabumi<\/a><\/li>
- 26 May 2023<\/li><\/ul><\/div>
Beware of HIV Transmission and Recognize the Dangers<\/a><\/h3>
HIV is a very dangerous virus. The way this virus works is by attacking the immune system, which is very important so that the body can independently fight disease germs that will enter. Until now, there has been no drug that can fight HIV. It is very important to be aware of HIV transmission. \n\n In the body, HIV will attack CD4 cells, which play a role in fighting infection. Therefore, sufferers are very susceptible to opportunistic infections. Everyone needs to be aware of HIV transmission. What you need to know is that this virus cannot be spread by casual contact, such as shaking hands or hugging. \n\n \n\n Beware of HIV Transmission \n\n Even though it's very scary because it's dangerous, not just anyone can catch this virus. As long as you follow a healthy and correct lifestyle, you will not get infected. This dangerous virus can only be transmitted through fluids such as blood, breast milk, and sexual intercourse. \n\n There are several ways of transmitting the HIV virus : \n\n \n \n Sexual intercourse \n \n \n Sharing needles \n \n \n Blood products and organs \n \n \n HIV-positive pregnant woman and baby \n \n \n\n It is very important to be aware of HIV transmission. You do this by living life correctly, not carelessly using syringes, and not changing partners. Patients who are infected with the HIV virus are very susceptible to various other types of diseases, so if they have been infected, they have to be really extra careful to maintain their health. \n\n \n\n The dangers of HIV \n\n HIV patients often feel inferior and ostracized because of their fear that society will infect them. Meanwhile, according to the characteristics of the virus and the way it spreads, it is not easy. As long as there is no contact through fluids with the patient, the virus will not be able to move. \n\n However, avoiding the cause of this virus is very important. We don't know who is carrying the virus or how it will be transferred. Caution is the dominant factor in being able to protect the body so that the virus cannot spread. Some of the dangers posed by HIV include : \n\n 1. TBC \n\n TB, or tuberculosis, is very easy to attack in patients with the HIV virus because their immune systems are weak. Germs from this disease are very easy to spread through the air. If there is a patient with HIV who is infected with TB, they must immediately get antibiotics. Its function is to kill the TB virus. Furthermore, patients with HIV and TB must immediately receive proper treatment. The first step that must be taken is to kill the TB virus until it is completely cured. Furthermore, treatment for HIV can be resumed. Until now, TB has been the most common type of deadly disease for people living with HIV. \n\n 2. Toksoplasmosis \n\n This disease is caused by a single-celled parasite, Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). This type of parasite is commonly found in undercooked processed meat. It is also often found in cat feces. In general, this type of parasite is not too dangerous for people who have natural immunity. However, for people with HIV, where the body loses immunity, this one parasite can cause serious health problems. Patients can experience encephalitis, which is a serious infection that occurs in the brain. \n\n 3. Cryptosporidiosis \n\n This type of disease can cause diarrhea that does not heal immediately. The cause is cryptosporidium. This type of parasite can come from the intestines of infected animals. In general, this parasite enters through contaminated food or drink. Symptoms of the disease will not appear immediately. It usually takes one week after germs enter the body, and diarrhea can last up to two weeks. In general, the appearance of symptoms in each person is different. Some can last up to 24 to 36 months and are only seen after the patient's condition is fatal. \n\n 4. Cytomegalovirus \n\n This type of disease is related to herpes. How it spreads through fluids from within the patient's body. The symptoms that appear in each patient are different. Starting from reduced vision, digestive tract, and lungs to weak bones so that patients have difficulty walking. \n\n 5. Candidiasis \n\n Weak immunity is a target for various types of viruses and germs. Because of this, people living with HIV are very vulnerable to suffering from various diseases, including candidiasis. The fungus from this disease develops more quickly and forms membranes that attach to mucous organs such as the mouth, vagina, and tongue. On the part that is attacked, a white layer will appear. If it is released, it will cause an extraordinary feeling of pain, and then the part can experience bleeding. \n\n Beware of HIV transmission, which must continue. Because it causes a decrease in the body's resistance, it can invite various types of diseases, and even patients often experience complications. \n\n Friends of Hermina can consult on HIV-related issues with hospital specialists. nearest Hermina, or you can consult online through the Halo Hermina application. \n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/a><\/div>- Hermina Mekarsari<\/a><\/li>
- 27 December 2022<\/li><\/ul><\/div>
Beware, Recognize Symptoms, and Prevent Genital Warts<\/a><\/h3>
Hello Friends of Hermina, Genital warts or condyloma acuminata is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV), characterized by the appearance of lumps or protrusions on the skin or genital (pubic) mucosa. Genital warts are more common in young adults.\n\nNearly 100 types of HPV have been identified, but more than 90% of cases of genital warts are caused by HPV types 6 and 11. Classification of genital HPV infection based on risk is divided into two, namely low risk of infection, such as warts in the anogenital area, and high risk of infection as a cause of cancer cervix, oropharynx, and anus. As many as 70% of cancers are caused by HPV types 16 and 18. \n\n Transmission occurs through sexual contact with someone who is infected. Warts may appear weeks to months from the first contact with infected skin or mucosa. Early detection of genital warts needs to be done as an effort to prevent the risk of cancer.\n\nIn most cases of genital warts, no symptoms are felt, but in some cases complaints of pain, itching, and discomfort can be found in the infected area. Warts can appear in the pubic area, between the thighs, vulva, vaginal wall, cervix, to the anus in women. In men, warts can appear on the pubic area, between the thighs, penis, testicular sac (scrotum), to the anus. Warts vary in size from small to large, so they are sometimes shaped like a cauliflower. Some can also be shaped like a chicken's comb. \n\n A person with a weakened immune system such as HIV infection, pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, use of drugs that weaken the immune system such as in cases of organ transplants or cancer has a higher risk of infection with HPV.\n\nSeveral supporting tests that can be performed on genital warts include a 5% acetic acid test, histopathological examination, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examination. The 5% acetic acid test is performed by applying acetic acid to the suspected lesion and is clinically not very clear. After 5 minutes, the lesion that was smeared with liquid will turn white. Histopathological examination is generally performed on suspicious lesions that do not respond to treatment. PCR examination was carried out to determine the type of HPV. \n\n Genital warts are treated based on the size, number, and location of the lesions. Treatment options can be in the form of topical therapy or surgical therapy. Topical therapy with a chemical liquid, namely podophyllin or trichloroacetic acid, is given by tapping the wart directly. Spot therapy can be repeated once a week until the warts are gone from the skin surface. Cryotherapy can also be done by applying liquid nitrogen to the wart surface. Treatment was repeated once a week until the lesions disappeared.\n\nSurgical therapy includes electrosurgery (electrocauterization) and surgical excision performed on warts that are large and difficult to remove. After the procedure, the patient is informed to maintain cleanliness and properly care for the wound to prevent bacterial infection and faster wound healing. \n\n Prevention efforts that can be taken to reduce the risk factors for genital warts include behavior changes such as changing partners, unprotected sexual contact (condoms) with different partners, and education about STIs in adolescents from an early age. Screening and tests are also needed to detect possible risks of other STIs and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in someone with genital warts, so that appropriate treatment can be given and symptoms of more severe disease can be prevented.\n\nRoutine Pap smears should be done for every woman who has had sex to detect the risk of cancer. Giving the HPV vaccine is an effort to prevent the occurrence of genital warts and reduce the risk of cancer. The administration of the HPV vaccine is not limited to women, but men can also be vaccinated. \n\n If a friend of Hermina experiences symptoms of genital warts, immediately consult the nearest doctor so that they can be treated and given the right treatment. \n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/a><\/div>- Hermina Pasteur<\/a><\/li>
- 16 December 2021<\/li><\/ul><\/div>
Please note, HIV is not transmitted through the air. Read more!<\/a><\/h3>
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)\n\n\nHIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that damages the immune system by infecting and destroying CD4 cells. If more and more CD4 cells are destroyed, the body's immune system will be weakened so that it is vulnerable to various diseases. HIV that is not treated immediately will develop into a serious condition called AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection. At this stage, the body's ability to fight infection is completely lost. HIV transmission occurs through contact with body fluids of sufferers, such as blood, sperm, vaginal fluids, anal fluids, and breast milk. Please note, HIV is not transmitted through air, water, sweat, tears, saliva, mosquito bites, or physical touch.\n\nHIV is a lifelong disease. In other words, the HIV virus will stay in the patient's body for the rest of his life. although there is no treatment method to treat HIV, but there are drugs that can slow the progression of this disease and can increase the life expectancy of sufferers. Based on data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2019, there were more than 50,000 cases of HIV infection in Indonesia. Of these, the most common HIV cases were heterosexuals, followed by male sex men (MSM) or homosexuals, injecting drug users (IDUs), and sex workers. \n\n Meanwhile, the number of AIDS sufferers in Indonesia tends to increase. In 2019, there were more than 7,000 AIDS sufferers with more than 600 deaths.\n\nHowever, from 2005 to 2019, the death rate from AIDS in Indonesia continued to decline. This indicates that treatment in Indonesia has succeeded in reducing the number of deaths from AIDS.\n\nSymptoms experienced by people with HIV are mostly mild flu in 2-6 weeks after being infected with HIV. The flu can be accompanied by other symptoms and can last for 1-2 weeks. After the flu improves, other symptoms may not be visible for years even though the HIV virus continues to damage the sufferer's immune system, until HIV progresses to an advanced stage of AIDS. In most cases, a person only finds out that he has HIV after seeing a doctor due to a serious illness caused by a weakened immune system. Serious illnesses include chronic diarrhea, pneumonia, or brain toxoplasmosis.\n\nHIV disease is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus or HIV, according to the name of the disease. If left untreated, HIV can get worse and progress to AIDS. HIV transmission can occur through vaginal or anal sex, use of needles, and blood transfusions. Although rare, HIV can also be passed from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding. \n\n Some of the factors that can increase the risk of transmission are as follows:\n\nHaving sex with multiple partners and without using safety, sharing needles, doing work that involves contact with human body fluids without using adequate personal protective equipment. Consult a doctor if you suspect that you have been exposed to HIV through the methods above, especially if you experience flu symptoms within 2-6 weeks afterward.\n\nPatients who have been diagnosed with HIV should immediately receive treatment in the form of antiretroviral therapy (ARV). ARVs work to prevent the HIV virus from multiplying so it doesn't attack the immune system. Here are some ways that can be done to avoid and minimize HIV transmission, not having sex before marriage, not changing sexual partners, using condoms during sexual intercourse, avoiding drug use, especially injection types, getting correct information related to HIV, how to transmission, prevention, and treatment, especially for adolescents \n\n Created by: dr. Ulky Nur Mulkia Prio\n\nReviewed by : dr. Adam Iskandar, Sp.PD\n\nReference:\nWorld Health Organization (2021). Fact Sheets. HIV/AIDS.\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (2020). HIV Basics. About HIV.\nIndonesian Ministry of Health (2020). InfoDATIN. HIV and AIDS 2020.\nIndonesian Ministry of Health. Directorate General of Disease Prevention and Control (2019). Report on the Progress of HIV-AIDS & Sexually Transmitted Infectious Diseases (STIs) Quarter 4 of 2019.\nNational Health Services UK (2021). Health A to Z. HIV and AIDS.\nU.S. Department of Health & Human Services (2020). HIV Basics. What Are HIV and AIDS?\nMayo Clinic (2020). Diseases & Conditions. HIV/AIDS.\nEllis, R.R. WebMD (2020). Types and Strains of HIV.\nPietrangelo, Ann. Healthline (2021). A Comprehensive Guide to HIV and AIDS. \n\n \n\n \n\n \n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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