Recognize Diseases Related to Orthopedics & Traumatology by Remembering C-I-N-T-A DENGAN MU.

Get to Know Orthopaedic and Traumatology Diseases by Remembering LOVE WITH YOU




Orthopaedics is a branch of medicine that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation of diseases and injuries of the musculoskeletal system or limbs, including the shoulder, arm, elbow, hand, pelvis, thigh, knee, calf, ankle, and foot, as well as the spine, encompassing all the structures, organs, and tissues within it, including bones, muscles, joints, ligaments, tendons, nerves, and other soft tissues. It covers a wide range of conditions, from congenital abnormalities, fractures, joint diseases, tumors, to disorders related to muscles and ligaments.


Traumatology is a branch of medicine that focuses on the management and treatment of injuries, particularly those caused by accidents, physical trauma, or sports injuries. It includes the diagnosis and treatment of acute injuries, such as fractures, dislocations, wounds, and soft tissue injuries.






The scope of various types of diseases that can occur, be diagnosed, and managed in the field of Orthopaedics and Traumatology can be divided into several groups of diseases that are abbreviated.


L-O-V-E WITH Y-O-U.




C: Congenital






Congenital refers to abnormalities or disorders of the musculoskeletal system (bones, joints, muscles) or limbs that are evident from birth, although they may sometimes only be recognized during the child's growth period. This condition can involve the shape, structure, or function of bones and joints caused by genetic factors, environmental influences during pregnancy, or a combination of both.






Some examples of Congenital Orthopedic conditions are:


Clubfoot / CTEV (clubfoot)
Hip Dysplasia (hip dislocation)
Congenital Scoliosis (curvature of the spine from birth)
Limb Deformities (abnormalities in the shape or length of limbs, X legs, O legs, unilateral short leg)
Polydactyly (extra fingers) and Syndactyly (webbed fingers) I: Infection
Infection that affects the musculoskeletal system, which includes bones, muscles, joints, and soft tissues such as ligaments and tendons. This infection can be caused by pathogens that enter through the bloodstream, injuries, or after surgical procedures. Infection can cause inflammation, pain, swelling, and dysfunction in the affected area. This infection can cause permanent tissue damage, deformities, or even amputation.






Some examples of orthopedic infection conditions:






Osteomyelitis (bone infection)
Septic Arthritis (joint infection)
Necrotizing Fasciitis (infection with tissue death in the limbs)
Psoas Abscess (infection of the psoas muscle in the pelvic and hip area)
Tuberculous Spondylitis (spinal tuberculosis infection)
Diabetic Foot (infection in diabetic foot)
Hand Abscess (hand infection) N: Neoplasm
A neoplasm is characterized by the presence of a tumor or lump, or the abnormal growth of cells in the bone, muscle, joint, or other tissues within the musculoskeletal system. This neoplasm can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant. (kanker).






Some examples of Orthopedic Neoplasia / Oncology conditions:


Tame


Osteochondroma (benign bone tumor often found around the knee or shoulder in children or adolescents)
Enchondroma (benign cartilage tumor)
Lipoma (benign fat tumor)
Bone Cyst (bone cyst)
Baker Cyst (knee cyst)
Ganglion (lump in the hand) Malignant:




Osteosarcoma (bone cancer that commonly occurs in children and adolescents, usually in the thigh, calf, or arm)
Chondrosarcoma (cartilage cancer that often occurs in adults)
Metastatic Bone Disease (the spread of tumors from other locations into the bones)
Multiple Myeloma (cancer in the bone marrow)

T: Trauma
Trauma, an injury condition in the musculoskeletal system or limbs that is often caused by accidents, physical trauma, or sports injuries, as well as other mechanisms such as falls, impacts, or sprains.


Some examples of conditions resulting from Musculoskeletal Trauma:


Closed / Open Fracture (broken bone, open and closed)
Dislocation (dislocation or joint shift)
Laceration (tear wound)
Ankle Sprain (ankle injury)
ACL Rupture (ACL ligament injury)
Pediatric Fracture (children's broken bone)
Pathologic Fracture (such as hip fracture in the elderly due to osteoporosis)
Crush Injury (crush injury due to being crushed)
A: Autoimmune




Autoimmune diseases can cause symptoms and complaints in the musculoskeletal system, including muscles, bones, joints, and other connective tissues. The immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues in the body, causing inflammation, pain, stiffness, and damage to the musculoskeletal system. Often attacking the knees, hips, shoulders, ankles, and hands, down to the fingers.






Some examples of Autoimmune Musculoskeletal conditions:


Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) (autoimmune in the joints, causing chronic inflammation)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) (autoimmune that can attack multiple body systems, including joints and muscles)
Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) (autoimmune)

 

Source :

Chairuddin Rasjad (2009), Pengantar Ilmu Bedah Ortopedi

Zairin Noor Helmi (2016), Buku Ajar Gangguan Muskuloskeletal

Reviewed by : dr. Bima Baikuni, Sp.OT